الطب الكوري
KOREAN MEDICINE
"KOREAN MEDICINE" refers to medical practices based on medicine, traditionally descended from our ancestors, and medical practices and herbal medicines that have been scientifically applied and developed based on them.
Korean Medicine is a person-centered medicine, and the disease is caused by the body and mind of the person, and it has the characteristics of personalized medicine that differs in prescription and treatment depending on the person.
BEGINNING OF THE MODERN
KOREAN MEDICINE
The license system for Korean Medicine practitioners introduced in 1951 and
the first college for Korean Medicine was established in 1955.
As of 2020, there are 11 Traditional Korean Medicine colleges
(6-year course) and one Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine
in Korea.
The Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals
promulgated in 2003 has encouraged advances in Korean Medicine.
GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES
FOR THE PROMOTION OF
KOREAN MEDICINE
Safe use of traditional medicine and complementary and alternative medicine and securing a new market
Legislation of 「Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals」and Establishment」 Progress of Comprehensive Plan for Promotion and Development of Traditional Korean Medicine
- The legislation of the 「Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals」 in 2003 has encouraged advances in Korean Pharmaceutical.
- The 「Comprehensive Plan for Promotion and Development of Traditional Korean Medicine」 has been newly established and proceeded every five years.
MAJOR POLICIES FOR THE PROMOTION
OF KOREAN MEDICINE
-
1951
Introduction of the License system for Korean Medicine practitioners
-
1993
Establishment of the Office on traditional Korean Medical Practices under the Ministry of Health and Welfare
-
1994
Introduction of the License system for Korean Medicine pharmacists
-
1997
Introduction of the Standardization system of herbal materials
-
1998
Decision to allocate public health Korean Medicine doctors InCstallation of Herbal Medicine Evaluation Depart- ment under the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
-
1999
Establishment of Certificate system for Korean Medicine specialists in eight recogized areas of specialization
-
2003
Enactment of the Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals
-
2005
ntroduction of the Traditional Korean Medical Public Health HUB Program to support public health centers Enforcement of Real-name Basis Distribution of Korean Medical Herbs Foundation of the Institute of Korean Medicine Education and Evaluation (IKMEE)
-
2006
The 1st wave of Comprehen- sive Plan for Promotion and Development of Traditional Korean Medicine (2006-2010)
-
2007
Obligating the use of standardized product
-
2008
Establishment of the Profes- sional Graduate School of Korean Medicine in Pusan National University
-
2011
The 2nd wave of Comprehensive Plan for Promotion and Development of Traditional Korean Medicine (2011-2015)
-
2016
The 3rd wave of Comprehen- sive Plan for Promotion and Development of Traditional Korean Medicine (2016-2020)
SYSTEM AND SERVICES
IN KOREAN PHARMACEUTICAL
Korean government's thorough Korean medicine system
management and education system
EDUCATION TRACK TO BECOME
A TRADITIONAL KOREAN MEDICINE DOCTOR
There are 11 Traditional Korean Medicine colleges (six-year course)
and one Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine for
Korean Medicine practitioners.
Annually, 40 students graduate from three Traditional Korean Pharmacy
colleges across the country, a total of about 120 Korean Medicine
pharmacists nationwide are produced.
LICENSE SYSTEM FOR
TRADITIONAL KOREAN MEDICINE DOCTORS
Granting of a Traditional Korean Medicine doctor's license
Pursuant to Article 5 (Licenses for Physicians, Dentists or Oriental Medical Doctors) of Medical Service Law, a person who intends to become an oriental medical doctor shall be licensed by the Minister of Health and Welfare after passing the relevant national examination.
-
Admission
Traditional Korean
Medicine college
(6 years)Professional Graduate
School of Korean
Medicine
(4 years) -
Pre-Med: 2 yearsUniversity
Med School: 4 years
(Total: 6 years) -
National ExamExam
(Once in a year)
-
PASSGeneral Practiti- oner
-
Internship 1 yearPractice
residency 3 years
(Total: 4 years)
for specialist -
TKM doctorExam
Specialist
Certificate Exam
(Once in a year) -
PASSSpecialist
IKMEE (Institute of Korean Medicine Education & Evaluation), established in 2005, and acknowledged by Ministry of Education as an institute for the education, certification and evaluation of Korean Medicine, promotes standardization and improved quality of Korean Medicine education.
LICENSE SYSTEM FOR
TRADITIONAL KOREAN
MEDICINE PHARMACISTS
Definition of Traditional Korean Medicine pharmacist
Pursuant to Article 2 (Definitions) paragraph 2 of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, "pharmacist" is stipulated as a person who is in charge of matters concerning pharmaceutical affairs (including those concerning herbal medications), other than those concerning herbal drugs; and who is licensed by the Minister of Health and Welfare.
STANDARD MANUFACTURING
AND QUALITY CONTROL CRITERIA
FOR KOREAN MEDICINAL HERBS
Operating a management system for quality assurance and distribution of Korean herbal medicines, etc.
- ased on the「Phamaceutical Affairs Act」, 「Regulation on Safety of Drugs, Etc.」, relevant standards on quality control and manufacturing of Korean medicinal herbs (GMP, Good Manufacture Practice)was prepared with lawful grounds in 2012.
- In 2015, 'Standards on Manufacturing and Quality Control for Korean Medicinal Herbs' became a mandatory requirement.
-
Pursuant to the amended version of 「Enforcement Rules on the Medical Service Act」 (September 5th, 2008), requirements for facility criteria and standards of herbal dispensaries were added in order to secure safe supply of Korean herbal medicines.
* Convalescent hospitals and Korean Medicine hospitals and clinics are obligated to establish a herbal dispensary. - ‘Guideline on Installation and Utilization of Extramural Herbal Pharmaceutical Preparation Facility and Shared-use of Herbal Pharmaceutical Preparation Facility (May 2009)’came into effect, in a purpose to making more strict facility criteria and standards for management of herbal dispensaries.
Korean Medicine management system
under the 「Medical Device Act」
-
The manufacture, import, and sales of medical devices follow relevant
management provisions in the 「Medical Device Act」. -
Korean Medicine devices are exported to the global market, recording about
14.7 million USD of sales in 2018 and 3.1% of YoY increase, and acupuncture
raised the highest sales in the year with a number of 8.53 million USD.
HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM OF
KOREAN MEDICINE
Scope of health insurance coverage over Korean Medicine treatments
Medical diagnosis fees (consultation fees, hospitalization fees), examination fees (fees for skin resistance tests, pulse tests, meridians fees, other additional function tests, etc.), medical care fees (treatment fees for acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping) fees for enema services, fees for bathing and general treatment, drug, prescription, and synthetic treatment fees (56 different treatments composed of 68 of herbal drugs)), Chuna, thermal therapy, packaged herbal medicine
CURRENT STATUS OF KOREAN MEDICINE
INSTITUTIONS
Korean Medicine hospitals and clinics (unit: n, %)
| Year | Year | Korean medicine institutions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subtotal (%) | Hospitals | Clinics | ||
| 2001 | 40,287 | 7,630(18.3) | 131 | 7,449 |
| 2002 | 44,029 | 8,232(18.7) | 135 | 8,097 |
| 2003 | 45,771 | 8,885(19.4) | 151 | 8,734 |
| 2004 | 47,378 | 9,350(19.7) | 154 | 9,196 |
| 2005 | 49,566 | 9,911(20.0) | 146 | 9,765 |
| 2006 | 51,286 | 10,436(20.3) | 142 | 10,294 |
| 2007 | 52,914 | 11,033(20.9) | 138 | 10,895 |
| 2008 | 54,165 | 11,387(21.0) | 139 | 11,248 |
| 2009 | 55,799 | 11,856(21.3) | 151 | 11,705 |
| 2010 | 56,244 | 11,963(21.3) | 159 | 11,804 |
| 2011 | 58,496 | 12,483(21.3) | 178 | 12,305 |
| 2012 | 59,519 | 12,639(21.2) | 199 | 12,440 |
| 2013 | 60,899 | 13,019(21.4) | 203 | 12,816 |
| 2014 | 63,675 | 13,369(21.0) | 234 | 13,135 |
| 2015 | 63,419 | 13,865(21.9) | 260 | 13,605 |
| 2016 | 64,999 | 14,142(21.8) | 282 | 13,860 |
| 2017 | 66,631 | 14,467(21.7) | 312 | 14,155 |
| 2018 | 67,847 | 14,636(21.6) | 307 | 14,329 |
- The total number of medical institutions includes hospitals (general hospitals, convalescent hospital, hospitals), clinics, special hospital (tuberculosis hospital, leprosy hospital, mental health hospital), dental hospitals and dental clinics, Korean Medicine hospitals and Korean Medicine clinics, auxiliary medical institutions (i.e. an auxiliary medical institution for providing health care to employees of companies or business, according to Article 35 of the 「Medical Service Act」, quoted from 「2019 Ministry of health and welfare statistical year book」) and midwifery clinics.
- The ratio that Korean Medicine institutions account for in the total medical institutions Data: Ministry of Health and Welfare; 「2019 Ministry of health and welfare statistical year book」
CURRENT STATUS OF R&D
Expansion of investment by government departments for
R&D of Korean Medicine
EXPANDING INVESTMENT IN
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)
PART FOR KOREAN MEDICINE
Various governmental ministries and agencies,including the Ministry of Health and Welfare,
support R&D in the field of Korean Medicine,
showing increases in annual investment amount.
In 2018, the total amount of R&D spending reached about
124.2 billion KRW.
| Division | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 980.4 | 1103.4 | 1144.3 | 1132.9 | 1242.4 |
|
Ministry of health and welfare |
143.5 | 213.2 | 243.2 | 239.9 | 248.9 |
|
Ministry of Education and Science Technology |
656.3 | 682.2 | 678.5 | 677.5 | 789.7 |
| Ministry of Education | 38.5 | 38.6 | 45.6 | 49.5 | 76 |
|
Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy |
71.2 | 63.9 | 58.2 | 18 | 7.5 |
|
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries |
- | - | - | 1.4 | 2 |
|
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs |
6 | 8.7 | 8 | 6.2 | 4.9 |
|
Small and Medium Business Administration |
34.1 | 28.5 | 33.6 | 59.4 | 41.9 |
|
Ministry of food and drug safety |
28.8 | 46.4 | 61.7 | 55.5 | 51.6 |
|
Rural Development Administration |
2 | 21.9 | 15.5 | 15.9 | 9.4 |
| Korea Forest Service | - | 0.5 | 1.4 | 9.6 | 6 |
| Multivariate ministry | - | - | - | - | 4.5 |
by government departments
* Numbers may show slight differences from the detailed calculations, as numbers below two decimal places were rounded off.
** As it is difficult to clearly define Korean Medicine R&D, the scope of Korean Medicine R&D items were confined to include the following contents only: government research fees for Traditional Korean Medical Science according to the new National Science & Technology Standard Classification System, government research fees for advanced technology in Traditional Korean Medicine field according to the 6T classification, Korean Medicine businesses operated by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine businesses, Korean Medicine R&D businesses operated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and verification projects for efficacy and mechanism of Korean Medicine according to the Key Science Technology Classification System.
National Science and Technology Knowledge Information Service(http://www.ntis.go.kr)
(Refer to the web page, policy.kiom.re.kr> (Archives)> (Statistics)> (Yearbook) DB for detailed data by year.)
